Everything about Chichimeca War totally explained
Nine years after the
Mixtón Rebellion, the
Chichimeca War officially began. The conflict, however, was just a continuation of the rebellion, because the attacks never came to a halt. By this year though, the
Chichimeca attacked more fiercely and constantly that the
Spaniards had to declare it a war. Unlike the Mixtón rebellion, the
Caxcanes were now allied with the Spanish, and it was primarily fought by the
Zacatecos and
Guachichiles against the Spanish and their Indian allies. The war took place in the current
Mexican states of
Zacatecas,
Guanajuato,
Aguascalientes, and
Jalisco. This war is also known to have been the first frontier war.
Prelude
In 1546 news spread like wildfire that great deposits of silver had been found around the
Cerro de la Bufa hill in
Zacatecas. The discoverer,
Juan de Tolosa, was brought to the foot of the hill after a group of natives gave him a couple of pieces of ore. On
September 8 of that same year the
city of Zacatecas was founded. The dream of quick wealth triggered multitudes of people to migrate from southern Mexico into the heartland of
La Gran Chichimeca. Soon the mines of San Martín, Chalchihuites, Avino, Sombrerete, Fresnillo, Mazapil, and Nieves were established. The Chichimeca nations resented the intrusions by the Spanish and their Indian laborers on their ancestral lands. Disobeying the
Viceroy, Spanish soldiers soon began raiding native settlements to acquire slaves for the mines. After the fall of
Tenochtitlan and the
Mexica (Aztecs), the Spanish came to believe that the Chichimeca could easily be crushed due to the derogatory term the Aztecs had for them and the nomadic way of living. Unfortunately for the Spanish, they were about to face their most catastrophic conflict with the natives. A conflict that would last until the turn of the century and that had to be solved by "peace and purchase", by their side.
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